ETHICAL ASPECTS

Ethics in Scientific Publication

Research must comply with the ethical regulations in force in the country or region where it is conducted, so authors are responsible for obtaining the necessary approvals. When patient images are used, it is essential to ensure the protection of their identity and privacy. In this context, the journal Voltarea International Journal (VTRIJ), an annual publication founded in 2025 and published by DB Ediciones, adheres to the Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), available at: https://www.icmje.org/recommendations/translations/spanish2021.pdf.

Research involving experimental animals and/or human subjects: When studies submitted to the journal involve experimental animals or human participants, authors must ensure that the research complies with the Code of Ethics established in the Declaration of Helsinki (http://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.281053) or its Spanish version (https://www.wma.net/es/policies-post/declaracion-de-helsinki-de-la-amm-principios-eticos-para-las-investigaciones-medicas-en-seres-humanos/). It is crucial that authors obtain informed consent from all participants and explicitly declare it in the manuscript. Likewise, the journal follows the ICMJE recommendations mentioned above. In the case of randomized clinical trials, authors must have the approval of the relevant Clinical Research Ethics Committee (or an equivalent body according to local regulations), report the study’s funding, and register the trial in a public clinical trial registry, for example, www.clinicaltrials.gov.

Conflict of interest: All authors must disclose any personal or financial relationships with individuals or organizations that could unduly influence their work. The journal Voltarea International Journal (VTRIJ) follows ICMJE recommendations in this regard, detailed in section II-B-2 at the following link: https://www.icmje.org/recommendations/translations/spanish2021.pdf. If no conflicts exist, authors should state in the relevant section: "Conflict of interest: none." Otherwise, they must provide a proper declaration and attach the ICMJE official conflict of interest form (https://www.icmje.org/downloads/coi_disclosure.docx). The information included in this declaration must be consistent with that presented in the manuscript.

Additionally, authors should specify the institutions that provided financial support for the research or article preparation and briefly describe the role of the sponsors in study design, data collection, analysis and interpretation, writing, or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. If no such involvement occurred, this should be explicitly stated.